https://physlab-wiki.com/ 2026-04-14T13:42:17+00:00 https://physlab-wiki.com/ https://physlab-wiki.com/lib/tpl/UChicago/images/favicon.ico text/html 2024-06-12T14:03:38+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://physlab-wiki.com/phylabs/lab_courses/phys-211-wiki-home/x-ray_studies/start?rev=1718215418&do=diff X-Ray Studies You already have a lot of experience in this class working with photons in what is normally considered the gamma energy range. Such gamma particles (which can span from a few keV up to a few MeV in energy) are typically produced from nuclear$K_\alpha$$K_\beta$$K$$L$$M$$K_{\alpha}$$K_{\beta}$$V$$E_{max} = eV - \Phi$$\Phi$$\Phi$$E = eV = hc/\lambda.$$hc$$hc \approx 1240 \textrm{eV}\cdot\textrm{nm}$$K$$K_n = 1$$K_\alpha$$n = 2$$n = 1$$K_\beta$$n = 3$$n = 1$$K$$L$$K$$n = 1$$n = 2$$K$$… text/html 2022-10-26T17:17:37+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://physlab-wiki.com/phylabs/lab_courses/phys-211-wiki-home/x-ray_studies/ta-notes-xray?rev=1666819057&do=diff TA Notes for X-Rays Pre-Meeting Make sure that the students have a good grasp of the concepts in the Research section of the experiment wiki page. Don't go into detail on how to setup and operate the apparatus. This is best learned in the lab. Instead make sure that they understand the purpose of the different parts of the apparatus and how they are used in a functional sense to make measurements in the lab.$K_{\alpha}$$K_{\beta}$$K_{\alpha}$$K_{\beta}$ text/html 2022-11-10T13:53:11+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://physlab-wiki.com/phylabs/lab_courses/phys-211-wiki-home/x-ray_studies/x-ray_studies_2021?rev=1668106391&do=diff X-Ray Studies The energy separations between electron levels in atoms range typically from eV to keV meaning that the photons emitted or absorbed in transitions between these states range from infrared light to x-rays. The radiation emitted when electrons accelerate due to Coulomb interactions with heavy nuclei in solids can range from 0 eV up to the initial kinetic energy of the electron. The separation between atoms in crystalline solids is comparable to x-ray wavelengths. For all these reaso…